WHO Declares Monkeypox a Public Health Emergency: Key Symptoms and What You Need to Know

WHO Declares Monkeypox a Public Health Emergency: The World Health Organization (WHO) has officially declared monkeypox a "public health emergency of international concern." This designation highlights the seriousness of the situation as monkeypox has severely impacted the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and is spreading to more countries across Africa. This is the second time monkeypox has been classified as such a global emergency.

Current Situation

Since 2022, there have been at least 99,176 monkeypox cases and 208 deaths reported in 116 countries. One major worry is the emergence of a new strain of the virus that is transmitted mainly through sexual contact.

What is Monkeypox?

Monkeypox is a viral infection caused by the orthopoxvirus. It leads to fever, swollen lymph nodes, and a painful rash that forms blisters and eventually crusts over. While the illness often resolves on its own, it can be deadly, especially for children and those with weak immune systems.

Why the Concern?

The current alarm is due to a new variant of the virus, known as clade (lb), which spreads mainly through sexual contact. There is also concern about clade (Ia), which spreads among children through various means. WHO Director-General Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus has emphasized the urgent need for a coordinated international effort to manage and control the outbreaks.

Impact in India

Although India has not reported new cases recently, there is a risk of monkeypox entering the country through international travel. Since 2022, India has reported 27 confirmed cases and one death. The initial cases were seen in Kerala and Delhi, indicating the need for vigilance.

How is Monkeypox Spread?

Monkeypox spreads through close contact with someone who has a rash. This includes face-to-face contact, skin-to-skin contact, and sexual contact. An infected person is considered contagious until all their rash lesions have dried up and new skin has formed.

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Symptoms to Watch For

Monkeypox symptoms start with fever, headache, and swollen lymph nodes within the first 0-5 days. A rash typically appears within two days of the fever, mainly on the face but also on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, and other areas such as the mouth, eyes, and genital region.