Does rising pollution increase the risk of heart attack?

Pollution levels are continuously rising in many places, including Delhi-NCR. Winter is also a major cause of increased pollution, as the air cools down during this time, causing polluted particles to settle, slowing airflow. Thick layers of smog and haze block sunlight, making the air feel heavier. All these factors lead to breathing difficulties, eye irritation, and increased allergy problems. In this situation, our heart is at greatest risk.

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Fine particles like PM2.5 and PM10 present in pollution enter the bloodstream directly through the lungs. These particles increase inflammation in the veins, causing blood vessels to constrict and affecting blood flow. Consistently breathing polluted air can cause irregular heart rate, increased blood pressure, and oxygen deprivation. Pollution causes oxidative stress in the body, weakening the heart muscle. This situation becomes even more dangerous for people with pre-existing heart conditions, diabetes, asthma, or high blood pressure.

Why does rising pollution increase the risk of heart attack?

Dr. Ajit Jain of the Cardiology Department at Rajiv Gandhi Hospital explains that when pollution increases, toxic elements in the air enter the body and damage the inner lining of blood vessels. This leads to blood clots, a major cause of heart attacks. Pollution increases inflammation in the heart's arteries, which causes platelets to become more active and can lead to sudden blockages.

Symptoms include chest pain or heaviness, sudden shortness of breath, restlessness, shoulder or arm pain, dizziness, and extreme fatigue. In some people, the heartbeat may become rapid or irregular. Many times, the condition of already existing heart patients worsens during polluted days. Therefore, any heart-related symptoms during smog and pollution should not be ignored and a doctor should be consulted immediately.

How to take care of heart health?

Wear an N95 mask when going out during polluted days.

Avoid walking or exercising during smog hours.

Use an indoor air purifier or maintain good ventilation in the home.

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Drink plenty of water to prevent toxins from accumulating in the body.

Eat a balanced diet and eat more fiber, fruits, and vegetables.

Checked your blood pressure, sugar and cholesterol regularly.

Stay away from alcohol and smoking.

Consult a doctor immediately if you experience any symptoms.