Expert Advises Precautions for Severe Nipah Virus Infection Risk in Children

As Nipah virus cases decline in Kerala, life is slowly returning to normal, and restrictions are being lifted. In recent weeks, a Nipah virus outbreak had prompted the closure of schools and educational institutions in the state. Nipah virus, a zoonotic virus, can transmit from animals to humans and between humans. To prevent infection, people should avoid consuming fruits that may be contaminated by bats and maintain frequent hand hygiene. Although the Nipah virus does not spread rapidly, it can be deadly once contracted. It can affect the lungs and brain, leading to seizures, disorientation, coma, or even death.

Nipah virus primarily targets the lungs and brain and can cause respiratory symptoms such as cough, sore throat, rapid breathing, fever, and gastrointestinal issues like nausea and vomiting. In severe cases, it can lead to encephalitis, resulting in disorientation, seizures, coma, or death.

Risk in Children

While Nipah virus infection is rare, it can be particularly severe in children due to their developing immune systems. Dr. Aggarwal advises that children follow preventive measures to minimize the risk of contracting the virus. Prompt medical attention is crucial, especially for children and the elderly, who may experience more severe complications due to weakened immune systems.

Preventive Measures

Preventive measures are essential since there is no specific antiviral therapy for the Nipah virus. Here are some key recommendations:

1. Avoid Close Contact: Children should stay away from individuals infected with the Nipah virus, especially those with respiratory symptoms or encephalitis.
2. Hand Hygiene: Encourage children to regularly wash their hands with soap and water, especially before and after eating, after using the toilet, handling animals or pets, and after coughing or sneezing. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers can be used when soap and water are unavailable.
3. Avoid Raw Date Palm: In endemic areas, individuals should refrain from consuming raw date palm, as it may be contaminated with the virus if bats have access to the sap.
4. Fruit Consumption: Children should avoid eating fruits that have been bitten or licked by bats, as they may carry the virus.

Also Read: Kerala Battling Nipah Outbreak: Containment Zones Erected, ICMR Provides Antibody

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